The Malamute's list runs to hip and elbow dysplasia, hypothyroidism, hereditary cataracts, progressive retinal atrophy, epilepsy, heart disease, bloat, polyneuropathy and zinc deficiency.
Two of those are worth naming. Inherited polyneuropathy affects the nerves and shows in young Malamutes as exercise intolerance, a wobbly or high-stepping gait and changes to the bark from laryngeal involvement — there is a DNA test and it should be part of any purchase conversation. Zinc-responsive dermatosis is the other: crusting and hair loss around the muzzle, eyes and ears in a northern breed dog, which responds to zinc supplementation once recognised.
The Pit Bull Terrier's burden is orthopaedic and dermatological: hip and elbow dysplasia, cruciate ligament disease, arthritis, obesity, skin allergies, heart murmurs and cancer. Skin allergies are the everyday one — itching, recurrent ear trouble and paw licking — and they are managed rather than cured.
Both carry a real bloat risk and both households should know the signs: unproductive retching, a distending abdomen, restlessness.
On lifespan the Pit Bull Terrier is slightly ahead at 12 to 14 years against 10 to 14.