Obesity sits on the Beagle's condition list and it is the most preventable thing on this page. Beagles are relentlessly food-motivated, will eat well past satiety, and are small enough that a couple of extra pounds is proportionally enormous.
An overweight Beagle gets the whole cascade — joint strain, worse skin, shorter life — and it happens gradually enough that owners do not notice. Measure the food, count treats inside the daily ration, and use the ribs rather than the scales as the test.
The breed also carries hip dysplasia, epilepsy, hypothyroidism and ear infections from its drop ears, and cancer sits at the top of its list. Beagles are among the longer-lived breeds at 12 to 15 years, so more of them live long enough to develop it.
The Akita's burden is different: autoimmune disease, hypothyroidism, progressive retinal atrophy, bloat, and a known anaesthesia sensitivity worth flagging to any unfamiliar vet.